Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol with Oxygen Catalyzed by Vanadia Supported on Nitrogen-Containing Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Materials

Catalysis Letters - Liquid-phase selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes using molecular oxygen as an oxidant is one of the most important transformations in organic synthesis and green...     

平面并联机构工作空间的三维螺旋扫描CAD求解

针对平面并联机构无奇异位置工作空间求解困难、过程繁琐、计算量大等问题，提出了基于CAD求解平面并联机构工作空间的三维螺旋扫描方法。将[n]自由度平面并联机构分解成[n]条支链进行独立分析，得到每条支链下末端执行器的可达区域，再将所有支链可达区域取交集即为平面并联机构工作空间。应用SolidWorks软件建立平面并联机构模型，进行几何特征处理，通过自动求解器求解，将求解过程图形化，快速得到同轴布局5R机构和平面3-RPR并联机构的无奇异位置工作空间。通过同轴布局5R机构的运动学实验，验证了该求解方法的可行性。     

最优化算法与纯元素谱剥离相结合的能量色散X射线荧光谱解谱方法

在进行能量色散X射线荧光光谱(EDXRF)解谱时,如果给定样品的元素构成,采用纯元素谱图剥离的方式会更加合理,但由于每个元素的谱线都不止一条,如果仅仅针对主线对齐做剥离,会导致结果的严重失真,同时剥离次序对解谱结果有较大影响。介绍了一种最优化算法与纯元素谱剥离相结合的EDXRF解谱方法,该方法以多个纯元素谱的强度大小和峰位漂移道数作为变量构建残差方程,并用最优化计算的方法去调整,直至残差达到极小。实验采用强度顺序剥离、能量顺序剥离和最优化算法拟合3种方法分别对谱线重叠较为严重的La-Ce-Pr-Nd混合液样品的L系谱线进行了解析,结果表明最优化计算方法拟合的谱图与原始谱的残差 (1415.0)比另两种方法(166094.0和3192.7)大幅度缩小,拟合谱与原始谱更为吻合,并且方法在实现时对初值不敏感,解谱精度也不依赖于剥离次序。     

基于OpenFOAM的过冷流动沸腾数值模拟

过冷流动沸腾现象被广泛应用于工业生产和动力系统中，对该现象的准确预测是两相流CFD模拟的重要研究方向。本文详细阐述了该模拟过程中的欧拉两流体模型及相关辅助模型，基于开源CFD平台OpenFOAM，模拟了4.5 MPa下竖直圆管内的过冷流动沸腾，得到了截面空泡份额、液相平均温度及壁面温度沿轴向的分布。计算结果与实验值符合良好，说明了模型的有效性和程序的正确性。本文可为在OpenFOAM中添加新的模型及开发新的求解器以模拟过冷流动沸腾问题提供参考。     

一种图像校正的偏振光罗盘系统的研究

导航传感器在探险、应急、精确制导武器、船舶、航空器导航和定位系统中起着关键作用。针对偏振光罗盘在倾斜状态下误差较大的问题,提出了一种利用加速度计和陀螺仪对偏振光罗盘进行图像校正的方法,设计了一种基于陀螺仪校正的偏振光罗盘系统。首先利用加速度计和陀螺仪计算得到载体姿态角,对偏振光图像数据进行图像校正,采用Stokes矢量法解算大气偏振模式分布,进而提取导航特征点,最后对特征点进行拟合解算出航向角信息。并且进行了静态和动态测试实验,实验结果表明,该算法能够有效的对偏振光罗盘姿态变化引起的误差进行补偿,可以将偏振光罗盘的航向角测量误差控制在1.86°之内,平均误差为0.09°。     

An unsafe behaviour formation mechanism based on risk perception

It is commonly acknowledged that human behaviour is implicated in most safety problems. However, research on the formation mechanism of unsafe behaviour remains incomplete. Risk perception is one of the fundamental issues in risk research, and individual risk perception can be identified as a critical antecedent of human behaviour. This study attempts to construct and test a theoretical model to reveal the formation mechanism of unsafe behaviour based on risk perception. First, to lay a solid foundation for the developed new mechanism, several key concepts about risk perception and unsafe behaviour were explained. Second, the formation mechanism of biases in individual risk perception was developed based on psychological distance theory, and the biases in risk perception were subsequently classified. Lastly, an unsafe behaviour formation mechanism was put forward based on risk perception as an explanatory variable. This study is novel in that it uses psychological distance to explore the formation of biases in individual risk perception. Further, the presented work provides a new approach to understanding and explaining the formation mechanism of human unsafe behaviour.     

十堰市某滑坡风险分析评价

对十堰市某滑坡及其影响范围进行调查,查清滑坡变形特征和危害情况,采用定量评价方法,开展稳定性、危险性、承灾体易损性分析评价,在此基础上,进行滑坡风险分析评价,计算得到该滑坡最大财产损失为61.292万元/年,最大人口风险为1.599人/年,风险等级为极高风险,建议采取加强监测、搬迁避让或适当工程治理等方法进行风险管控,以达到防灾减灾的目的。对今后开展单体滑坡风险分析评价有一定的借鉴意义。